What is difference between informatization, digitalization and intelligence?

Recently, many financial experts are talking about digital transformation, and many solution experts are talking about smart financial transformation. Previously, they always talked about building informatization.

informatization

In a broad sense, information is news. The whole history of human evolution is also history of evolution of human information activity. Information technologies play a key role in this process, it can be said that information technologies contribute to rapid development of human information activity.

Information technologies are technologies associated with creation, collection, processing, transmission and storage of information. Modern information technologies are a complex science-intensive system consisting of computer technologies, communication technologies, information processing technologies and management technologies.

We can understand that in process of development of social information, computer, communication, network and other information technologies are constantly promoted and applied, and exchange and transmission of information by human activities become more and more efficient, resulting in an unprecedented increase in production efficiency, general expansion of scale, a fundamental change in management method, a sharp reduction in costs, etc., to promote human evolution.

Information technology has experienced five revolutions: first is creation and use of language, second is creation of symbols, third is invention of papermaking and printing, fourth is popularization of telecommunications technology, fifth is use of electronic computers and combination with modern communication technologies. Each of these five information technology revolutions gave a huge impetus to development of human society and led to a leap forward in human society.

With regard to finance, system automation is an intuitive form of presenting information. We use computers, networks, communications and other technologies to transmit, process and feedback information.

For example, in financial exchange mode, scanners are used to scan paper documents around world to create electronic information, which is centralized in financial exchange center to transmit and collect information using Internet technologies and information systems, and financial personnel work on computers to complete audit and record. Information about account processing is transmitted to manager via BI system on a mobile phone or via Internet.

Another example is crowdsourcing model, which secures transmission of information through image cutting, mosaics, and other information processing technologies.

From this point of view, informatization focuses on management of information, and this is enough to complete transmission and processing of information.

Digitization

The earliest mention of digitization is a digital signal. The typical TV I watched at home when I was a kid was an analog signal that was transmitted over air fromby electromagnetic waves. At that time, there was an antenna on roof of every house, and television effect was not very good, and snowflakes were apt to appear. Digital television, which appeared later, converted analog signal to binary, and transmission of information was much more stable, and amount of transmitted information doubled.

In a digital circuit, since a digital signal has only two states 0 and 1, its value is judged by its center value, which is defined as 0 below center value and 1 above, so even if it is mixed with another interference signal, as long as value of interference signal does not exceed threshold range, original signal can be reproduced.

Also, there is another definition of digitization which refers to transformation of many complex and volatile data into measurable numbers and data, and then building an appropriate digital model based on these numbers and data and converting them into a series of binary values. codes, becoming computable objects.

Based on this definition, digitization is a little technical. In this comparison, early digital signals do not match binary digital codes in modern computers.

All our information systems are made in form of codes. Various computer operations are also based on code instructions, and transmission of information on Internet is also based on codes. From this point of view, digitization should be defined as informatization technology. . In research, I came to a misunderstanding, since all information in computer and Internet is in form of binary codes, then why can't pictures be calculated directly? After discussion with technical staff, following conclusion was reached:

Binary is basis for storing information, while calculations, such as comparison and verification, are information processing that requires a similar transformation of structured data using other technologies.

We also mention digitalization in our daily work. The word "data" means "known" in Latin, and can also be understood as "fact". Today, data is a description of something, and data can be recorded, analyzed, and restructured. This shift is called “datafication,” a process that translates phenomena into a measurable form that can be tabulated and analyzed.

The data can be on a computer, on Internet, in a newspaper or a book. Therefore, to be more precise: digitalization, then it should be digital data-information. If it's more practical, it's structured data information.

Intelligent

The process from sensory memory to thinking is called "wisdom". Wisdom results in behavior and language. The process of expressing behavior and language is called "ability", and together they are called "intelligence". This definition is good, intellect must have "wisdom", which may also explain why RPA is notis artificial intelligence because RPA is just an expression of human behavior and can only be defined as a kind of “ability”.

Intelligence usually has following characteristics:

1. Possess ability of perception, that is, ability to perceive external world and receive external information, which is a prerequisite and a necessary condition for rational activity;

2. Possess memory and thinking ability, that is, be able to store perceived external information and knowledge generated by thinking, and at same time be able to use existing knowledge for analysis, calculation, comparison, judgment, association and make decisions based on information;

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3. To have ability to learn and adapt, that is, through interaction with environment, constantly learn and accumulate knowledge so that one can adapt to changes in environment;

4. Possess behavioral decision-making ability, that is, to respond to external stimuli, form decisions and communicate relevant information]

In terms of wisdom and ability, informatization solves most of physical abilities of a person, replacing human behavior and language with complete transmission and processing of information. Intelligence is more about deciding part of human brain, perception, memory, thinking, judgment, etc.

In terms of modern applications of artificial intelligence, it can replace human intelligence. OCR and ICR allow machines to perceive world through “seeing”, speech recognition allows machines to perceive world through “listening”, and machine learning is analysis. , memory, judgment and improved self-learning.

In this comparison, intelligence does not lie in simple collection and transmission of information, but rather in processing of complex information. This is also in line with current way most AI is implemented: by learning from massive and accessible data.

The difference between three

■ Informatization places more emphasis on creation, transmission and processing of information and to a greater extent replaces physical activity of a person;

■ When digitizing or digitizing, more attention is paid to form of information itself;

■ Intelligent, more attention to processing of complex information, more people's brain activity.

The relationship between three

■ Informatization is basis of intelligence, only informatization can generate more data, and speed of information transfer is higher;

■ Digitization is also basis of intelligence, since current intelligence is realized through computers and databases, from a certain point of view, digitization is an important form of informatization. Transformation can be more important.

■ Intellectualization is ultimate goal of organizational management.